When are people justified in rebelling from a government Essay

When are people justified in rebelling from a government - Essay Example Simply put, whenever a government fails to keep up the social contract it has with the citizens, rebellion against that government becomes justified according to Locke and that rebellion is not illegal or unjust. Therefore, it is important to understand the social contract, the idea of rebellion and how Locke sees the legitimacy of government for any student of History, sociology and even philosophy. Additionally, comparisons can be made in terms of how other philosophers such as Hobbes have seen the legitimacy of government as opposed to Locke to fully understand the position Locke takes on what a government should do to keep the social contract. The social contract theory is a common concept used in many different fields such as political science, economics and sociology. It basically suggests that there is a contract which exists between the state and the individuals who are part of the state regarding their individual rights and privileges. A social contract can also exist between a company/organization and its members or a social group and the participants of the group. The idea of a social contract has been developed and expanded greatly by philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke amongst many others (Wikipedia, 2006). However, the Ideas of Locke are very important in this case because he was the first to establish the criteria for a social contract and then establish the course a people should take up if their own government does not uphold its end of the bargain. Hobbes was the earlier of the two philosophers and outlined his ideas concerning a social contract in his magnum opus titled Leviathan. Hobbes suggests that the natural inclination of mankind breaks men into strong and weak. The strength of a strong man may come from his physical abilities or his mental prowess but in either case, he has an advantage over the weak. However, this

HIST 1400 essay 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HIST 1400 1 - Essay Example This diverts from the key purpose of the French revolution. Moreover, French Revolution is more radical, cruel, and violent. The French Revolution has disputes involving Europe, Kings, and the Church. Many promises and targeted achievements during the old regime and this period have not been achieved. Church disputes are clear when Martin Luther criticizes the Catholic Church saying that he is enlightening the people. In his 95th thesis of the year 1517, he suggested that his main aim is not to suppress the church (The Protestant Reformation 1). Martin Luther argues that he hopes to see it reformed. He identifies that churches were driving their believers away from the Creator. However, he is rude while addressing the situation. He openly talks of the Catholic leaders in a negative manner. These enlightening ideas suggested by Luther cause much suffering to the citizens. The revolution betrays the people. It destroys and divides the people pretending to enlighten them. The Roman Empire extends up to France. Consequently, most of the people in France are Catholics. According to Martin Luther, he explains that the Romans have three walls that protect them such that not anyone who tries to reform them is able (The Protestant Reformation 4). He does not put into consideration whether the Christians are satisfied about their religion. First, it is agreeable that Martin Luther believes that the temporal power is always below the spiritual power (The Protestant Reformation 2). He does not support most of the pope’s ideas. Only a pope would call for a council at any time. He argues that many people’s rights are violated because they are not able to overcome the rules strategized by the Catholic rulers. The French Revolution is against the Catholic Church. Consequently, it longs to see the end of this religion in France. There is a great intention to weaken the people through the French Revolution. However, this is only achievable through

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English - Essay Example He wants to find his father, and thinks that a black American soldier is his father, and so he goes to find him. The soldier give him gifts and bring him back to the nuns. The real point of this story, however, is to tell two stories at the same time. The first and simplest story is the search of the boy Joe for his father. The much bigger story is the problem that all human beings have: they need to figure out their own place in the world. The time and the place of the story are explained at the beginning. There is a clue to the universal nature of the themes in the first line when the children are called â€Å"eighty one small sparks of human life.† (line 1) This description emphasizes how important each child is, even though they have been abandoned by their parents. The war has meant that these children are separated from all that they knew, and some of the local German people look at them and wonder what nationality they have. The nuns do not care what nationality the chi ldren have, and just see them as children needing care. There is one child who is given a special name, â€Å"the Brown Bomber† which is the name of a famous black American boxer. This is quite amusing for the people watching but it is not funny for the boy. Actually he has no name. The nuns call him Karl Heinz, which is a very Germanic name. The people watching call him Joe, after Joe Louis, which is an American name, but the boy does not speak English and does not understand that the name belongs to a boxer. It is only when he sees the black soldiers that he realizes there are more people like him: â€Å"I ran away from the orphanage because I belong with you.† (line 193) The sergeant realizes that it is not so simpler and points out that it is not a joke, because the boy is all alone in the world. The setting in Germany is very interesting because the Nazis were very fond of blue eyes and blond hair, thinking that these were signs of a super race. Joe has blue eyes, and he has black skin, and so he holds in his nature two opposite things. He is only six years old (line 30) and it is very sad that he does not know what his real name is, or who his parents are. He learns the truth from one of the older children who tells him that his mother was German and his father was an American soldier. The author does not mention that this was seen as a very shameful thing by the Germans, but the reader can guess this from the nun’s reaction. She explains that no one knows who his parents are, and reassures him, saying that he is a good boy and so they must be good people. The young boy Joe does not even know what an American is, or where that place is, and he has no idea about the ocean. This is a very sad part of the story because he is absolutely lost and abandoned with no idea about his own origins. Children often see the world more accurately than adults, and the story shows that he understands only that he must find out where his own people are . People tease him and say his father is in the woods, but he does not understand the joke and thinks they are being serious. On a deeper level, the story is saying that the American soldiers are, in a way, the father of this lonely little boy. His attachment to one particular man is a symbolic attachment to his ethnic origin, and also to the country of his father. The chocolate that the black soldiers give him is something he has never seen before, and it, too, is a symbol of the good things

Xuanzangs Heart Sultra Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Xuanzangs Heart Sultra - Essay Example The first part focuses on the Heart Sultra and on the reasons why the Heart Sultra is so important to the Chinese Buddhism. This part will cover the main differences among the different branches of Chinese Buddhism, before and after the Heart Sultra. The second part of the paper looks at the changes in Chinese Buddhism that came after the Xuanzang’s Heart Sultra; this part looks at how the Heart Sultra affected the Chinese Buddhism. This part of the paper also looks at the reasons why the Heart Sultra is different from other Sultras and why it caused so many changes in the Chinese Buddhism. The last part, i.e. the third part of the paper looks at how the Heart Sultra affects the modern world Chinese Buddhism. This part focuses on how the Heart Sultra has influenced the beliefs and the worldview of the modern Chinese Buddhism. Let us begin by looking at the Heart Sultra and the reasons why the Heart Sultra is so important to the Chinese Buddhism. For the better understanding of the importance of the Heart Sultra in Chinese Buddhism, it is important to look at the Heart Sultra in the context of Buddhism holy literature. In Buddhism, there is a vast of religious literature or Buddhist scriptures; there are indeed thousands of holy literature in Buddhism. For this reason, it is impossible for any individual to read and to master all the important Buddhist literature. Buddhist Holy Scriptures is referred to as Sultras (Sanskrit) or Suttas (Pali). Heart Sultra, therefore, is one of the many sultras of Buddhism.

Business Process Outsourcing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Process Outsourcing - Assignment Example However, this definition of service is redefined by the new world system with the proliferation of business process outsourcing, which allows the separate production and consumption of services. The emergence of business process outsourcing can be best understood by employing a PEST analysis, which looks at the important aspects of the society that includes political, economic, social, and technological. The political sector has created a favorable arena in which business process outsourcing can proliferate. Policies which help promote globalization are instituted facilitating the elimination the geographical boundaries among nations and easing the exchange of products, capital, and services. The economy is evolving into a single global village which allows the free flow of goods and services by the elimination of trade barriers. Labor intensive products and services are channeled to developing economies where labor is relatively cheaper. In terms of social aspects, it is visible that there has been a wide social acceptance of foreign culture which allows the acquisition of foreign language especially English. Technological advancement specifically created a way to easily t ransfer data across geographical boundaries. A European based insurance company which opts to utilise Indian firm for its data processing and call handling gains benefits through: productivity improvements; access to expertise; operational cost control; cost savings; improved accountability; improved human resource; and the opportunity to focus on core business. However, business process outsourcing runs the risk of loosing managerial control, threatens security and confidentiality, and lowers the flexibility of the service consumer to react to the changes and trends in the business environment. Business process outsourcing is considered as a sunshine industry in India. Business process outsourcing generates jobs in the economy, brings in large revenues, and aids in economic development. However, the Indian economy should also recognise the risk associated in allowing foreign firms utilise their labor force. Business process outsourcing is hasardous to workers as they need to cope with the significant time difference in between their location and the location of the service consumer. II. Introduction According to Kotler (2002), service is "any activity which or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially intangible and does not result in ownership of anything." In comparison to goods which are produced by manufacturers, service is characterised by four distinct characteristics which are not present in tangible goods: inseparability, which signifies that the provider and the consumer of the service should be in the same location; intangibility, which implies that the service cannot be fully assessed using the senses; variability, which recognises that the quality of the services is not consistent using different customers' perception; and perishability, which implies the inability to store services (Palmer 2004). However, service has been redefined by the current global economy. A closer look at how large business organisations undertake their day-to-day operations reveals that services are now separable. The growing globalisation ushered a new trend called business

Week 2 Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 2 Assignment - Essay Example At the time of entering into the contract, I gave him $100, which was to serve as the consideration. There was a legal objective to the contract since my friend legally owned the furniture. In the end, we set the terms for both of us and signed the contract in writing, making two copies that. I retained one copy while my friend went with the other. The furniture needed to be delivered to my house two weeks after the signing of the contract and this cost was to be borne by the seller. After delivery, I was to pay the full amount in cash. However, two weeks after, my friend had still not delivered the furniture. I called him to inquire why he had not obeyed the terms we had agreed on. He replied that he could not deliver the furniture because he had not found a place to buy new furniture to replace what he was selling. This was not among the conditions we had put in our contract. In the meantime, I had already sold my old furniture for $400 and I had withdrawn $600 from my bank account in readiness for payment. The contract I had entered into was not successfully fulfilled, which shows there was a breach in the terms of the contract. Therefore, I took the necessary steps to sue my friend for damages in a court of law for breach. There were a number of remedies available for breach of contract. They included awarding of damages, rescission of the contract and specific performance of the contract. I was entitled to damages being the innocent party as far as the breach was concerned. Damages in this case were supposed to be nominal since I incurred no loss from the breach of contract. If I had suffered any loss in terms of monetary value, I would have qualified for substantial damages that would have been determined based on the remoteness of the loss. As opposed to the equitable remedies of injunction and specific damages are available as a right (Miller, 2012). Punitive damages would also have served to punish the party in breach

Cultural diversity in professional comm Essay Example for Free

Cultural diversity in professional comm Essay While America fought World War II in Europe, riots broke out in the streets of Los Angeles targeting young Latinos. They strived for the same freedom enjoyed by whites, but were treated as poorly as African Americans of the era. In effect, they tried to disassociate themselves from this faction. Young Latino men referred to themselves as pachucos and sported oversize suits known as zoot suits. In the film Zoot Suit Riots, Joseph Tovares remarkably portrayed the difficult lives of Mexican Americans in the 1940s. Zoot Suit Riots is a powerful film that explores the complicated racial tensions, as well as the changing social and political scene leading up to the riots in the streets of Los Angeles in the summer of 1943. White Americans, police and service men targeted Latinos with their racist attitudes. Tovares argues that these Mexican American adolescents were victims, but they also stood up for themselves and fought back to gain the respect they felt they deserved. This generation of Americanized Latino children wanted to be recognized as American on their own terms. To distinguish themselves from their parents’ generation, they became zoot suitors, but learned that was not enough as racism was a widespread phenomenon across America. Tovares accurately portrays the lives of Mexican Americans victimized by highlighting the Sleepy Lagoon Case. To white Americans in Los Angeles, the murder was proof that Mexican American crime was spiraling out of control. Tovares, however, uses this as evidence to support that they were mistreated because the Mexican American suspects taken into custody all wore zoot suits. This reinforced the opinion white Americans had of Mexican Americans and their apprehension of men in zoot suits. He also interviewed both Mexican Americans and White Americans who lived during this event, even some participants in the riots. His use of oral history throughout the film is captivating as you hear the voice and emotional reaction of a person who actually experienced these riots. Tovares interviews Hank Leyyas sister, an important defendant in the case, who lived through the crime, the trail, the city, everything. She remembers it all and how much it affected her brother’s life. Her emotions when describing the riots helps the viewer understand how people were affected. Sailors of the time admitted in their interviews to attacking Mexican Americans and Mexican Americans admitted to reciprocating the behavior. Tovares’ film reflects on the racist abuse Mexican Americans received not only from White American citizens, but also from authority figures. Edward Escobar’s historical article, Zoot-Suiters and Cops, supports Tovares’ argument that zoot suitors were seen as dangers to society and this brought upon the attacks on them, but Escobar focuses more on the police aspect of the riots. Escobar argues, â€Å"Police, along with local civic leaders, believed that Mexican American youth, especially young males, were inclined toward violent crime. This belief merged with police officers’ frustration over their inability to crack down on the alleged lawbreakers and led to their allowing servicemen to beat and humiliate the zoot-suiters† (Escobar, 1996). Tovares agrees that police were problematic, but focuses more on the Sleepy Lagoon Case involving Mexican and White Americans who participated or lived during the riots. Escobar states that the LAPD consistently arrested Mexican Americans at a higher rate than the general population. During the war these numbers increased, especially arresting young Mexican Americans. However, Escobar argues that police officials misinterpreted their own statistics. Reported crime actually fell during 1942 and 1943, the years of the alleged crime wave. These â€Å"increases in arrests resulted more from changes in the law and in police practices than from changes in Mexican American behavior. Specifically, new immigration and draft laws for adults and curfew ordinances for juveniles, created new classes of laws that Mexican Americans violated, increasing the arrest statistics† (Escobar, 1996). The LAPD also employed selective enforcement in barrios than in white sections like the curfew ordinance as an example. This evidence strongly supports Escobar’s argument that the LAPD was more inclined towards the harsh treatment of Mexican Americans. Escobar focuses more on this than Tovares did throughout the film. While Tovares and Escobar both focus on the discrimination zoot suiters felt, Thomas Guglielmo shifts his focus to Mexican American racism was not only in Los Angeles but also in Texas in his historical article, Fighting for Caucasian Rights. Guglielmo argues that Mexican Americans who were born in the United States showed that they only cared about the United States but needed to be looked at again. They seemed active, focusing on being American, distant from Mexico but really these Mexican American’s due to the Good Neighbor policy still identified themselves with Mexico. Compared to Tovares, Guglielmo looks at American battles in Texas and legislative matter compared to the Los Angeles zoot suit riots. Guglielmo goes against Tovares perspective and says that there is more to Mexican American racism outside of Los Angeles. During the war more people of Mexican descent lived in Texas than any other state. These Mexican Americans that lived here are fighting for equality through legislation unlike the Mexican American’s in Los Angeles who are fighting for the same but by rebelling out through wearing zoot suits and adapting to that way of life. Both Toraves and Escobar perspective is on zoot suiters and police interaction where as Guglielmo focuses more on just Mexican Americans in Texas. Guglielmo argument is not as convincing to me because he focuses too much on legislation and Mexico compared to Toraves and Escobar focus on the discrimination Mexican Americans faced during the war that resulted in the riots. Toraves, Escobar and Guglielmo all highlight the struggle Mexican American’s faced fighting for equality, just presented it in different ways. Tovares strongly emphasized why the Mexican Americans wanted to break free. They were tired of being told what to do, where to go, what to wear. They created an image for themselves that separated them from everyone else. Escobar stated that the zoot suit phenomenon resulted primarily from the racism, discrimination, and extreme poverty that people of Mexican descent faced in the United States (Escobar, 1996). It did not necessarily give Mexican American’s more rights and equality’s that they fought for indirectly but brought national attention to their race that they needed to bring attention to fight for themselves. CITATION: Esobar. Zoot-suiters and Cops: Chicano Youth and the Los Angeles Police Department during World War II. 284-303. 1996 Guglielmo. Fighting for Caucasian Rights: Mexicans, Mexican Americans and the transnational struggle for Civil Rights in World War II Texas. 1212-1237. 2006 Tovares, Joseph, dir. Zoot Suit Riots. 2002. PBS Home Video. DVD-ROM.